The (non)planning in the Global South: (re)thinking a critique to urbanism through the theory of dependence
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Date
2016
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AESOP
Abstract
There are several differences in the patterns of urbanization between the countries of central capitalism and the peripherals ones, in special, the Global South. The differences are due the specific inclusion of each country in the global capitalism. The theory of dependence and post-colonialism developed this idea. One of these ideas that seem particularly special to understand is the theory of overexploitation of work in the periphery of capitalism. This line of thinking believes that international value transfer is the reason for our underdeveloped and peripheral country condition. These losses, or value transfers, have historically been offset by internal exploitation of the workforce in several expedients along the time of work favoring the accumulation of capital, either by reducing capitalists spending with constant capital or allowing reduction in variable capital. In regarding to the latter, I emphasize that there are various expedients that workers are exposed out of the workcapital (whether formal or informal) that end up favoring the accumulation; among many (such as children's informal work) housing self-constructions can be interpreted in this sense. And then is possible to understand the relationship with the urbanization phenomenon in these dependent countries. In the article I intend to discuss the relationship with the "lack" of urban planning of in certain areas of underdeveloped cities like a intentional strategy of both the government and capital, in order to ensure workforce at low cost to the appropriation of capital. From this perspective one can understand the economical factor that determines the existence of such landscape recurring in the peripheral countries: the slums and informal settlements. This form of housing provision reveals capital's need, in underdeveloped countries, to maintain part of population living at low costs as a means to guarantee the low expenditure with workforce, maintaining a network of informal economy.
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Proceedings of the IV World Planning Schools Congress, July 3-8th, 2016 : Global crisis, planning and challenges to spatial justice in the north and in the south
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