Facing the consequences of residential segregation: the impact of neighbourhood effects on the economic mobility of the inhabitants of three favelas in Salvador
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Date
2016
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AESOP
Abstract
The paper analyses the neighbourhood effects on the economic mobility of the inhabitants of three segregated communities of Salvador (Brazil), in other words the socio-economic advantages and disadvantages affecting the lifes of poor people due to their embeddedness in specific socio-residential contexts. Wilson (1987) concentrated on the structural dimensions of negative externalities in order to explain neighbourhood-level variations in a field of different phenomena (delinquency, violence, access to the labour market and education) in spatial isolated and socially homogeneous ghettos. Kaztman & Filgueira (2006), however, argue that the contiguity between residents of poor neighbourhoods and higher-class condominio-dwellers provides structures of opportunities. Based on a set of interviews, investigating the variability of interpersonal networks and their activition in the struggle for economic inclusion, the study confirms that the proximity of Nordeste de Amaralina to middle-/upper-class communities affects positively the access to labour opportunities. Nevertheless, residential stigmatization as well as structures of social segmentation annihilate these potentials. The lack of exposition to individuals and groups extrapolating from the favela’s social, educational and cultural context restricts the structures of opportunities to local level. Therefore, residents´ interpersonal networks reveal a high degree of redundancy and localism, based on “bonding ties” (Briggs 2001) connecting family and neighbourhood members.
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Proceedings of the IV World Planning Schools Congress, July 3-8th, 2016 : Global crisis, planning and challenges to spatial justice in the north and in the south
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