Regional planning in Brazil: past and present
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Date
2016
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AESOP
Abstract
Brazil, in the global scenario, is a typical example of unequal development. The Southeast region, strongly industrialized, has a level of development much higher than peripheral regions such as the Northeast and North. This is subject of this work, which is focused in the politics of regional planning in Brazil.
This study deals with the evolution of the regional planning politics in Brazil and discusses some key questions of this process, mainly those related to the present moment. Brazil has a long experience in this field, which is explained by some important features: an extent territorial area of 8.5 millions of km2; an historical process of occupation and development which caused accentuated social and territorial inequality; and the fact that one of his macro-regions – the Northeast – has 2/3 of the his space (900,000 km2) submitted to periodic droughts, with strong impact on the poorer population.
During decades the regional planning in matter was directed to the Northeast, which was considered the “problem region” of the country, resulting in a macro-regional planning approach. Since 2007, the country adopted a national politics of regional planning. It means to follow a politic that no more search to reach a macro-region, but multiple “meso-regions” dispersed in the entire territory. The research which supports this study aimed to answer questions related to two moments: that of the macro-regional politics and their consequences; and that of the “meso-regions” and their future perspectives.
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Proceedings of the IV World Planning Schools Congress, July 3-8th, 2016 : Global crisis, planning and challenges to spatial justice in the north and in the south
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