Volume 09 (2019)

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14235/1770

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    A methodological approach on studying policy-making of autonomous driving in cities
    (AESOP, 2019) Servou, Eriketti
    This commentary proposes a methodological approach about policy analysis on autonomous driving. It focuses on the role of discourse, the multiple actors and technologies involved in the processes of urban policy-making. Autonomous driving is considered a crucial case of policy-making in cities, because of the multitude of established and new actors involved as well as the combination of different digitalisation and automation technologies. Current research outlines the uncertainty planners and policymakers find themselves in regarding how to plan and regulate for autonomous driving, and calls for the need of finding the right forms of governance and policy for the implementation of autonomous driving in urban contexts. Therefore, studying the processes of its policy in the making is vital, as it is these processes that determine if and how any kind of policy will come into place. Subsequently, it is urban policy that will define the ways autonomous driving will be implemented and its implications in cities. Since both socio-political and material factors play a role in policy-making, a suitable methodological approach is needed that can address both. Therefore, this commentary discusses methodological developments drawing inspiration from Argumentative Discourse Analysis (ADA) and combining it with elements from Actor-Network-Theory (ANT). The insights provided by the commentary aim at a more comprehensive and thorough understanding of policy-making processes of autonomous driving and how policy change occurs (or not).
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    Balloons to talk about : Exploring conversational potential of an art intervention
    (AESOP, 2019) Hotakainen, Tiina; Oikarinen, Essi
    Relational approaches to urban development have gained ground in academic literature, highlighting diverse perspectives, such as experience, participation, aesthetics, performativity and affection. However, these practices neglect conversation as a connection between local everyday life and urban development. We argue that as art generally provokes discussion, material art acquires potential to question urban development and thus, act as a conversation mediator in public space. To test the hypothesis, we organised an explorative action research study: a data art installation within the annual ‘Oulu Night of the Arts’ in August 2017. The installation illustrated spatiotemporal analysis of everyday life in Åström Park, Oulu, Northern Finland. The art intervention succeeded in engaging diverse social groups online and on-site, although it proved challenging to evoke focused conversations. The induced discussions bore relevance to everyday realities in the locality. If public discourse on urban environment concentrates solely on municipal urban planning projects and visible new constructions, we risk creating a misconception of them being superior to mundane everyday life. The study suggests that even tentative information without specific objectives, when presented in a public data installation, could prove valuable for urban development discourse.
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    Editorial Vol. 9 (2019) : Planning is about change Different perspectives on societal challenges
    (AESOP, 2019) Silva, Paulo
    t was with pleasure that I accepted the invitation to be guest editor of volume 9 of plaNext. This publishing initiative of AESOP Young Academics Network, almost reaching a dozen, has an already remarkable amount of knowledge produced and shared, fulfilling the aim based on the strategic vectors referred by Francesco Lo Piccolo in the editorial of the first volume of plaNext: to make Young Academics’ research products more visible; to bring together young academics from Europe and beyond, sharing new research perspectives, intersecting planning with other academic fields; and to combine open access environment with high quality materials (Lo Piccolo, 2015). This could not be truer when looking to contents of past and present volumes of plaNext, by giving visibility to more peripheral planning and research contexts, crossing perspectives from various disciplines while looking at European planning issues and not only.
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    Examining cultural planning in Vienna : The discursive institutionalization of social infrastructure in strategic planning
    (AESOP, 2019) Krisch, Astrid
    Culture and planning have often been connected through issues of culture-led urban development and regeneration or cultural and creative industries. However, cultural provision as a form of social infrastructure has rarely been used to understand the institutionalization of culture within planning practices. I claim that how culture is institutionalized through discursive interactions between different agents reveals the importance of culture for planning practices. I exemplify this notion by analysing the discursive institutionalization of culture within strategic planning in Vienna. The results point to a diametral position of the underlying ideas of culture within planning in Vienna: 1) planning for culture, where culture plays an important role for the social functioning of the city, and 2) planning through culture by using culture as a selling point for the city. The paper analyses cultural planning practices in Vienna since the 2000s, thereby contributing to detailed knowledge on the institutionalization of culture and path-dependent developments of culture within urban planning practices. The paper illustrates the use of culture as a form of social infrastructure for rethinking strategic cultural planning in Vienna.
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    Participation game : Reflections on the iterative design process
    (AESOP, 2019) Prilenska, Viktorija
    Civic engagement in decision-making concerning the built environment has become a widely acknowledged practice. Today this is no longer about the dilemma of civic engagement, but rather about the best strategy for the purpose. Games and gamified applications are gaining popularity as efficient tools for civic engagement, which attract and retain participants, as well as foster learning and experimentation. The article presents the case of a role-play urban design game, Participation Game, which was developed in the iterative design process. The initial prototype of the game was transformed from session to session based on the player feedback, collected through questionnaires and debriefings, as well as the analysis of video recordings of game sessions. The overarching goals of the game were, firstly, to familiarise the audience with public hearings of urban design related projects, and, secondly, to find out how the changes in the setup of the game influence the player experience and the outcomes. The findings indicate that game setup limits the opportunities for discussion, and might even steer it towards desirable (for game authors) outcomes.
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    Seasonality and out-migration of residents : The case of Bozcaada, Turkey
    (AESOP, 2019) Okumuş, Duygu
    This paper explores the socio-economic and cultural transitions of Bozcaada, a small Turkish island in northern Aegean Sea, with a focus on seasonal changes. The local economy of the island has shifted from small-scale viniculture to domestic tourism over the last three decades. Currently, the local economy became dominated by domestic tourism businesses. Alongside this major change, the socio-cultural structure of the island has started to change with in-migration of middle-class urbanites. Although tourism enabled the local population to remain in the location in the light of the downfall of small-scale agricultural practices, it also brought about an unusual pattern of seasonal migration: temporary out migration of the static residents. Almost three quarter of the registered population on Bozcaada move to city centres in winter which is off-season for the local tourism. This not on only interrupts the socio-economic and socio-cultural life of the island but also put the local services in danger.
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    Urban and architectural adaptive strategies for inclusive cities : A review of international innovation experiments
    (AESOP, 2019) Jlenia Pesce, Beatrice; Bagaini, Annamaria
    The current migration flows toward Europe are having a significant impact on social composition, economy, urban services, and on the physical dimensions of cities. Cities have a key role in developing immigration policies and sustainable accommodation models, that can promote an inclusive society as well as local development. Due to the persistence of migratory flows, these models of integration and development cannot be supported by an emergency condition, but they should be based on systematic strategies. This paper presents a series of accommodation models and urban policies, coming from international experimental projects, that we argue can foster integration and urban development. These strategies show the potentials of immigration in boosting urban transformation and regeneration. Innovative strategies for dealing with immigration are based on flexible tools, typically from temporary habitat (housing modules, light construction systems, customized solutions) that find a place inside the city. Integrated design strategies use the existing city as a frame being filled up by flexible houses, through urban densification or regeneration process. Housing dissemination, temporary and flexible architectural solutions and inclusive process are the drivers for developing a flexible habitat, at the base of a more sustainable and democratic city.